What is the difference between a HACCP plan and a Food Safety Management System?

Date modified: 22nd September 2025 | This FAQ page has been written by Pilla Founder, Liam Jones, click to email Liam directly, he reads every email.

A HACCP plan focuses on identifying and controlling critical points in the food production process to prevent safety hazards. A Food Safety Management System (FSMS) is a broader set of procedures that includes the HACCP plan but also covers other daily operational practices like personal hygiene and pest control. Essentially, while HACCP is about critical control points, FSMS is about the overall management of food safety.

Common misunderstanding: A HACCP plan is all you need for food safety compliance.

While a HACCP plan is crucial, it's just one part of a comprehensive approach to food safety. An FSMS includes HACCP but also integrates other safety practices that are equally important for compliance and ensuring food safety.

Common misunderstanding: FSMS and HACCP can be used interchangeably.

They are not the same. HACCP is a component of FSMS, which is a broader system that includes many other elements of food safety management, not just critical control points.

How do HACCP principles fit into a broader food safety strategy?

HACCP principles are integral to any food safety strategy as they provide a structured approach to identifying and controlling hazards. However, they are part of a larger system. Integrating HACCP principles into your broader food safety strategy ensures that critical control points are managed, but it also needs to be supported by other practices such as staff training, regular audits, and a positive food safety culture to be truly effective.

Common misunderstanding: Once HACCP is implemented, no other food safety measures are necessary.

Implementing HACCP is a big step towards food safety, but it should be complemented with other systems and practices like regular employee training and equipment maintenance to ensure comprehensive safety.

Why is a Food Safety Management System needed in addition to HACCP?

A Food Safety Management System encompasses a wider range of controls and procedures that go beyond the critical control points covered by HACCP. It provides a structured approach to managing all aspects of food safety, including staff hygiene, pest control, and waste management. This holistic approach ensures that all potential food safety risks are addressed.

Common misunderstanding: HACCP alone is sufficient for managing all food safety risks.

HACCP is critical for controlling specific hazards at critical points, but it doesn't address every aspect of food safety. A comprehensive FSMS fills this gap by covering broader operational and management practices.

Common misunderstanding: Implementing an FSMS is optional if you have a HACCP plan.

While HACCP is a fundamental part of a food safety strategy, having an FSMS is often a regulatory requirement and provides a complete framework for food safety, making it essential even when a HACCP plan is in place.

UK Official Guidance

USA Official Guidance

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How does a HACCP system help prevent food contamination?

A HACCP system identifies potential food safety issues and implements preventative measures to avoid problems before they start, significantly reducing the risk of food contamination and ensuring customer safety.

What are critical control points (CCPs) in a HACCP system?

In a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system, critical control points (CCPs) are stages where control is crucial to prevent, reduce, or eliminate a food safety hazard to an acceptable level. Cooking, for instance, is a CCP because it is essential to cook food to the correct temperature to eliminate harmful bacteria. It is important to identify these points to ensure food safety effectively.

What is the origin of HACCP and how is it used today?

HACCP, which stands for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point, was created in the 1960s by the Pillsbury Company alongside NASA. Its initial purpose was to secure food safety for space missions.

What does conducting a hazard analysis involve in HACCP?

Conducting a hazard analysis in HACCP involves identifying potential food safety risks at each step of the food production and handling processes.

What should food businesses do when a critical limit is not met?

When a critical limit in a HACCP plan is breached, food businesses must immediately take corrective actions.

What are critical limits and how are they set?

Critical limits are specific thresholds set to ensure food safety during production, based on scientific research.

Why must a HACCP plan be validated and reviewed regularly?

Regular validation and review of a HACCP plan are crucial to ensure the effectiveness and relevance of food safety measures.

What records must be kept under a HACCP plan?

A HACCP plan requires keeping comprehensive records to prove the effectiveness of your food safety processes and compliance with safety standards.

What is involved in monitoring critical control points?

Monitoring critical control points (CCPs) is crucial in the HACCP system to ensure food safety.

What is the role of a HACCP team in food businesses?

In food businesses, a HACCP team is vital for ensuring food safety. This team is tasked with developing, implementing, and maintaining the HACCP system.

How can HACCP be built into overall quality assurance?

Integrating HACCP into overall quality assurance involves making it an integral part of daily operations to ensure that food safety drives quality across all food services.