Why must food be thoroughly cooked before hot holding?

Date modified: 22nd September 2025 | This FAQ page has been written by Pilla Founder, Liam Jones, click to email Liam directly, he reads every email. Or book a demo to see how hospitality businesses use Pilla to manage food safety.

Food must be thoroughly cooked before hot holding to ensure it reaches a safe internal temperature that kills harmful bacteria. This step is crucial to prevent foodborne illnesses. Hot holding equipment is designed to keep food warm, not to cook it, so the food must reach the necessary temperature before being placed in these units.

Common misunderstanding: Hot holding devices can cook food to safe temperatures.

Hot holding devices are not designed to cook food but to keep already cooked food at a safe temperature. Relying on these units to cook food can lead to undercooked meals, which may be unsafe to eat.

Common misunderstanding: If food is hot held for a long period, it will eventually cook through.

Hot holding is meant to maintain temperature, not increase it. Food that has not reached the correct temperature before hot holding may remain in the danger zone for bacterial growth, even if held for extended periods.

Why can't bain-maries or soup kettles be used to cook food?

Bain-maries and soup kettles are designed for maintaining the temperature of prepared foods, not for cooking. These devices typically do not reach high enough temperatures quickly enough to ensure food is cooked to a safe internal temperature, which can lead to food safety risks.

Common misunderstanding: Bain-maries can be used for cooking because they heat food.

While bain-maries do heat food, they do so gradually and often not evenly or sufficiently for raw foods to reach safe cooking temperatures. This slow heating can allow harmful bacteria to survive and multiply.

Common misunderstanding: Soup kettles are just like slow cookers and can be used for cooking raw ingredients.

Despite their similarities to slow cookers, soup kettles are primarily designed to keep already cooked food hot. Using them to cook raw food can result in uneven cooking and potential health hazards.

What is the correct process before placing food into hot holding?

The correct process involves cooking the food to its required safe internal temperature as determined by food safety guidelines. Once cooked, the food should be quickly transferred to the hot holding unit, ensuring it does not drop below the safe temperature threshold. Regular checks should be made to maintain the correct temperature during the holding period.

Common misunderstanding: It’s okay to let cooked food cool before placing it into hot holding.

Allowing cooked food to cool before placing it into hot holding can cause the temperature to fall into the danger zone, where bacteria can grow. It's important to transfer food directly from cooking to hot holding.

Common misunderstanding: Checking the temperature of food in hot holding occasionally is enough.

Regular temperature checks are necessary to ensure food remains above the safe threshold. Infrequent checks can miss fluctuations that might lead to unsafe conditions.

UK Official Guidance

USA Official Guidance

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What should be done if hot held food falls below 63°C?

If the temperature of hot held food falls below 63°C, take immediate action by either reheating the food to at least 75°C before returning it to hot holding, or cooling it quickly for refrigeration if immediate reheating isn't possible. This is crucial to prevent the risk of bacterial growth and maintain food safety.

What is hot holding and why is it important?

Hot holding is the practice of keeping cooked food at a high temperature to ensure it remains safe to eat until served.

How should hot holding food temperatures be monitored and recorded?

To ensure food safety, the temperatures of hot held foods must be regularly monitored and recorded using a calibrated food thermometer.

What equipment should be used for hot holding food safely?

To keep food safe and at the correct temperature, it is important to use equipment specifically designed for hot holding.

What is the hot holding two-hour exemption?

The hot holding two-hour exemption permits food to be kept at temperatures below the usual minimum of 63°C for up to two hours, which is beneficial during periods when maintaining a constant temperature is difficult. After two hours, the food must be reheated to above 63°C, served immediately, or cooled and stored safely.

How does time impact the safety and quality of hot held food?

Over time, holding food at hot temperatures can reduce both its safety and quality. Extended periods of hot holding can allow bacteria to grow, increasing the risk of foodborne illnesses.

How should hot holding equipment be maintained and cleaned?

To keep hot holding equipment in excellent condition and ensure food safety, follow these steps: (1) Turn off the equipment after each use, allow it to cool down, then clean it thoroughly to remove all food particles and grease. (2) Use a mild detergent and warm water for effective cleaning. (3) Complete the process by drying the equipment completely to prevent rust and corrosion. It's vital to carry out regular deep cleaning as well, as this prevents the buildup of oils and unseen food particles, thereby maintaining safety and functionality.

How should staff be managed to ensure hot holding safety?

Effective management of staff is key to ensuring hot holding safety.